Construction Dictionary

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TermDefinition
J ChannelMetal edging used on drywall to give the edge a better finished appearance when a wall is not "wrapped" Generally, basement stairway walls have drywall only on the stair side. J Channel is used on the vertical edge of the last drywall sheet.
J-BoxAn electrical junction box.
J-MoldA metal molding strip with a J-like section, used to edge plaster or gypsum wallboard.
JackA mechanical device for lifting heavy objects.
Jack Arch1. One having horizontal or nearly horizontal upper and lower surfaces; also called a Flat Arch or Straight Arch. 2. Any arch that is roughly built.
Jack PlaneA medium sized plane used in the first stages of planing.
Jack postA type of structural support made of metal, which can be raised or lowered through a series of pins and a screw to meet the height required. Basically used as a replacement for an old supporting member in a building. See Monopost.
Jack Rafter1. A short rafter that joins a hip rafter to the top of the wall plate. 2. A short rafter that joins a valley rafter to a ridge board.
Jack rafterA rafter that spans the distance from the wall plate to a hip, or from a valley to a ridge.
Jack-of-all-TradesA person who can do many different kinds of work.
Jacket, AluminumSee Aluminum Jacket.
JackhammerA pneumatic concrete breaker.
Jacking EquipmentIn prestressed concrete, the device used to stress the tendons.
Jacking ForceThe temporary force exerted by a device that introduces tension into prestressing tendons in prestressed concrete.
Jacking PipeForcing pipe through the ground in a tunnel created by the pipe itself; the pipe is generally jacked horizontally in short lengths.
Jacking StressIn prestress concrete, the maximum stress occurring in a tendon during stressing.
JacquardMechanism for a Wilton carpet loom which produces the desired color design using a chain of perforated cardboard cards punched according to the design elements, which when brought into position activates this mechanism by causing it to select the desired
Jacquard The name of the loom which originally had a series of punched cards to control the weaving of the threads; computerized versions are used today. The resulting patterns are usually multi- colored and elaborate.
Jagged EdgesIrregularities left on the edges of ceramic tile due to the use mainly of hand cutting tools.
JalousieA blind or shutter made of a row of angled slats to keep out rain and control the influx of light.
Jalousie WindowA window with stationary or adjustable blinds angled to permit air and provide shade, while preventing rain from entering.
JambThe side and head lining of a doorway, window, or other opening.
JambThe side and head lining of a doorway, window, or other opening. Includes studs as well as the frame and trim.
JambThe vertical side of a door or window frame.
Jamb AnchorSteel anchor used to fasten a steel door frame to the wall or partition construction.
Jamb BlockA concrete masonry unit with a preformed slot to receive a window or door frame.
Jamb, DoorSee Door Jamb.
Japan ColorColored paste made by grinding high-quality colors in hard drying varnish.
Japan DrierVarnish gum with a large proportion of metallic salts, such as lead, cobalt, or manganese, added to hasten drying; used in paints, varnishes, and enamels.
Japanese LacquerVarnish made from sap of a tree which grows in Japan; becomes very hard and black as it dries.
jardiniËre curtains Usually sheer, with the bottom of the curtain rising in the center to give a curved finish and reveal some of the window.
JaspeCarpet surface characterized by irregular stripes produced by varying textures or shades of the same color.
Jetting A method of placing piles or sheeting by forcing water around and under a pile or sheeting to displace and lubricate the surrounding soil, allowing the pile or sheeting to sink to the desired position.
JibThe arm of a crane.
Jib CraneA crane which has a projecting arm off its derrick boom.
JigA tool or template used to maintain mechanically the correct positional relationship between a piece of work and the tool or between parts of work during assembly.
JiggeringForming ceramic ware from a plastic body by differential rotation of a profile tool and mold, the mold having the contour of one surface of the ware and the profile tool that of the other surface.
Jigsaw1A machine saw with a narrow reciprocating blade used for cutting curved and intricate patterns. 2. A scroll saw.
JitterbugA grate tamper for pushing coarse aggregate slightly below the surface of a slab to facilitate finishing.
Joanna Roller shade fabricator. A division of Newell. (4110 Premier Drive, Highpoint, NC 27265)
JobA piece of work.
Job Built FormA temporary structure or mold constructed on a jobsite, for the support of concrete while it is setting and gaining sufficient strength to be self-supporting.
Job LotA miscellaneous collection of goods for sale as a lot.
Job RequirementsA list of specific, necessary, and essential tasks to bring to completion a building or structure; also called General Requirements.
Job SchedulingAn itemization in chronological order, often in chart form, of project tasks in order to start and complete a building or structure.
Job TrailerA towed vehicle placed on a jobsite, acting as an office space.
JobsiteThe place where construction takes place.
JoineryThe art or trade of joinery; woodwork; finish carpentry.
JoiningThe juncture of two separate plaster applications usually within a single surface plane; also called a Jointing.
Joint1. The location where two or more members are to be joined. 2. The point of connection between structural members. 3. The seam produced by the placement of two pieces of gypsum board together but not necessarily in the same plane. 4. The junction of two p
Joint cementA powder that is usually mixed with water and used for joint treatment in gypsum-wallboard finish. Often called "spackle."
Joint CementSee Joint Compound.
Joint cement or Joint compoundA powder that is usually mixed with water and used for joint treatment in gypsum-wallboard finish. Often called "spackle" or drywall mud.
Joint CheckA check made payable to more than one payee.
Joint Clip1. A metal fastener used vertically, sharp edge down, over the edges of two pieces of wood, and then hammered down into them. 2. In plywood sheathing, the clip fastens two abutting pieces of plywood.
Joint CompoundA cementitious material used in covering joints, corners and fasteners in the finishing of gypsum board to produce a smooth monolithic surface; also called Spackle or Joint Cement.
Joint ControlAn independent escrow used to safeguard and disburse construction funds.
Joint EfficiencyThe strength of a wood joint expressed as a percentage of the strength of clear straight-grained material.
Joint FactorJoint efficiency.
Joint FillerCompressible material used to fill a joint to prevent the infiltration of debris and to provide support for sealants.
Joint PhotographingIn gypsumboard, the shadowing of the finished joint areas through the surface decoration.
Joint ReinforcementSteel wire, bar, or prefabricated reinforcement which is placed in mortar bed joints.
Joint Reinforcing MeshA woven fiber screen-like material used in lieu of paper joint tape.
Joint Reinforcing MetalStrips of expanded metal, woven or welded wire mesh used to reinforce corners and other areas of plaster and lath.
Joint Reinforcing TapeA type of paper, metal, fabric, glass mesh, or other material, commonly used with a cementitious compound, to reinforce the joints between adjacent gypsum boards.
Joint SealantCompressible material used to exclude water and solid foreign materials from openings; a substance that prevents water and moisture from entering joints; also called Joint Sealer.
Joint SealerJoint Sealant.
Joint TapePaper tape that is applied with gypsum-based joint compound to treat the joints in gypsum wallboard.
Joint Tape SystemThe compound and tape system used to conceal and finish joints in gypsum board.
Joint tenancyA form of ownership in which the tenants own a property equally. If one dies, the other automatically inherits the entire property.
Joint TenantsTwo or more persons owning property together with the right of survivorship.
Joint trenchWhen the electric company and telephone company dig one trench and "drop" both of their service lines in.
Joint VentureA temporary partnership composed of individuals, partnerships, or corporations organized to accomplish a specific job or course of work.
Joint, ButtSee Butt Joint
Joint, ContractionSee Contraction Joint.
Joint, ControlSee Control Joint.
Joint, ExpansionSee Expansion Joint.
Jointer1. A metal hand tool used to cut a joint partly through fresh concrete. 2. In masonry, a tool used by bricklayers to form the various types of mortar joints between the courses of masonry, as the V, the concave, and weather joints. 3. An electrically powe
Jointing1. Smoothing and straightening the edge of a wood board. 2. Jointing is done automatically by a jointer. 2. Grinding or filing the teeth or knives of power tools to the correct height; circular saws are jointed so that there are no high or low teeth; kniv
Jointing, ASee Joining.
JoistA, usually horizontal, structural member used as a floor, ceiling or roof framing member.
Joist AnchorA metal rod incorporated into a masonry wall that extends out to be fastened to a joist or rafter.
Joist Bridging1. The bracing of joists by the fixing of lateral members between them. 2. Pieces fitted in pairs from the bottom of one floor joist to the top of adjacent joists, and crossed to distribute the floor load. 3. Wood pieces of width equal to the joists and f
Joist GirderA light steel truss used to support open-web steel joists.
Joist hangerA metal "U" shaped item used to support the end of a floor joist and attached with hardened nails to another bearing joist or beam.
Joist HangerA metal stirrup that supports the ends of joists so that they are flush with the girder.
Joist PaintingThe act or process of applying paint to seal, protect, or add color to a joist, usually refers to metal joists.
Joist, MetalSee Metal Joist
Joist, SisterSee Sister Joist.
Joist, WoodSee Wood Joist.
JouleIn the international system of units, the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water 1 degree Celsius.
Joule-Thomson EffectThe change in the temperature of a gas on its expansion through a porous plug from a higher pressure to a lower pressure.
Journal1. A record of current transactions. 2. A log. 3. The part of a rotating shaft, axle, roll, or spindle that turns in a bearing.
Journal, CrankshaftPart of shaft which contacts the bearing on the large end of the piston rod.
Journeyman1. A fully trained and qualified person in a craft or trade such as a carpenter, plumber, or electrician. 2. A plasterer or lather who through training and experience has become thoroughly skilled in his trade; distinguished from an apprentice or a labore
JudgmentA final decision of a court.
Jumbo BrickA brick that is larger than standard size and measures 8"x4"x4".
JumpersWater pipe installed in a water meter pit (before the water meter is installed), or electric wire that is installed in the electric house panel meter socket before the meter is installed. This is sometimes illegal.
JumpoverIn piping, a double offset used to return the pipe to its original line; also called a Return Off-Set.
Junction BoxA metal or hard plastic electrical rough-in box, usually square or octagonal, housing only wire or cable connections.
JuteStrong, durable yarn spun from fibers of the jute plant, native to India and Far East, used in the backings of many carpets.
Jute PaddingA padding made of a durable yarn that comes from plant fiber used as an underlayment for carpet.
JuxtapositionThe placing of things side by side.
Juxtaposition of ColorsPlacing colors side-by-side, or close together; complementary colors such as blue and orange in juxtaposition accentuate each other.